- Fact 2 - Matter is made up of tiny
building blocks that are called Atoms. Atoms are Atoms are at
least a hundred times smaller than the width of a human hair!
The purest type of atom is called an element
-
Fact 3 - Elements can be classified based on physical states, often
referred to as the states of matter
- Fact 4 - At room
temperature and pressure the states of matterare as follows:
- Solids
- Gases
- Liquids
- Plasma
- Fact 5 - Liquids, solids and gases
are the most common 3 states of matter on Earth, however, much
of the matter of universe is in the form of hot plasma
- Fact 6 - A Solid is a state of
matter that has its own definite shape and volume
- Fact 7 - A Liquid is a state of
matter that has a definite volume (a liquid will take the shape
of a container)
- Fact 8 - A Gas is a state of matter
has no definite shape or volume (A gas will expand to fill a
container)
- Fact 9 - Plasma is a state of
matter similar to gas in which a certain portion of the
particles are ionized
- Fact 10 - Of all the elements on
the Periodic Table only 11 are gases and 2 are liquids, the rest
of the elements are solids
- Fact 11 - Most common substances
exist as solids, liquids and gases which have diverse Physical
and Chemical Properties and characteristics. Matter can undergo
physical and chemical changes.
- Fact 12 - Changes, such as
pressure and temperature, can alter the States of Matter
- Fact 13 - Most everyday matter,
occurs as mixtures which are combinations of two or more
substances
- Fact 14 - For the compound water 2
atoms of Hydrogen combine with 1 atom of oxygen (H2O)
-
Fact 15 - The term
'phase' in chemistry basically refers to a form or a state in
which matter can exist
- Fact 16 - Phase Changes occur in
which the state of matter, or substance, has been altered. When
a solid melts and becomes a liquid. Changes in temperature to
water can change it from a liquid as water to a solid as ice to
a gas as water vapour or steam
- Fact 17 - When solid matter changes
to a liquid, it is called melting and when liquid changes to a
gas it is called sublimation
- Fact 18 - When liquids change to a
gas, it is called vaporization
- Fact 19 - When liquids change to
solids, it is called freezing
- Fact 20 - When gas changes to
plasma it is called ionization
|
