- Fact 2 - The Great Plains area
covers parts of the U.S. states of Colorado, Kansas, Montana,
Nebraska, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota,
Texas and Wyoming.
- Fact 3 - Names of Border States:
Arizona Colorado Oklahoma Texas Utah
- Fact 4 - Origin of the name of the
state: Named by the Spanish for lands north of the Rio Grande
River
- Fact 5 - Features of the area:
Eastern third, Great Plains; central third, Rocky Mountains;
western third, high plateau. 85% of the state is over 4000 feet
in elevation.
- Fact 6 - The Indians of New
Mexico were the Apache, Comanche, Jemez, Kiowa, Manso, Navaho,
Pecos, Ute and Pueblo Indian tribes.
- Fact 7 - The Apache tribe are
famous for their fierce fighting qualities. Their name comes
from a Zuñi word meaning “enemy.” The Eastern Apache were
predominantly hunter gatherers, whilst their Western
counterparts relied more on farming but were driven from their
lands by the Comanche. Today the Apache live mainly on
reservations covering over 3 million acres in Arizona and New
Mexico. They still retain many tribal customs
- Fact 8 - The Comanche are believed to be one of
the first tribes to fully incorporate the horse into their
culture and to have introduced the horse to the other Plains
peoples. They were well known as fierce warriors
- Fact 9 - The Pueblo of Jemez (pronounced "He-mish")
is one of the 19 pueblos located in New Mexico. The Jemez Nation
was one of the largest and most powerful of the puebloan
cultures. In 1541 the Spanish, led by the conquistador Coronado
attempted to conquer and convert them to CHristianity leading to
numerous conflicts leading to the Great Pueblo Revolt of 1680
when the Spanish were expelled. By 1692 the Spanish again gained
control.
- Fact 10 - The Kiowa were a tribe of Plains
Indians. They were fierce, nomadic warriors. The Kiowa
worshipped a stone image, the taimay
- Fact 11 - The Manso were a clan based tribe who
lived on the Mexican frontier, near El Paso, Texas and were
absorbed into other tribes of New Mexico
- Fact 12 - The Navajo were formerly a nomadic
tribe in brush shelters called hogans. The Navajo settled among
the Pueblo and also assimilated with the Shoshone and the Yuma
- Fact 13 - The Pecos are an extinct Peublo tribe who
by the Glorieta Creek and the Pecos River. They inhabited a
fortified village and were renown as traders. They traded
slaves, buffalo hides, flint, and shells for pottery, crops,
textiles, and turquoise at first with the Apaches and later with
the Spaniards and Comanche.
- Fact 14 - The Ute tribe were members of the
Shoshone people of Utah, Nevada, Colorado and New Mexico. They
are believed to be related to the Aztecs. They were feared as
fierce, nomadic warriors
- Fact 15 - The Pueblo lands extended from S Utah
and S Colorado into Arizona, New Mexico, and adjacent territory
in Mexico. The Pueblo became hostile and then revolted against
the Spanish. Their resistance to the Spanish ended in a mass
execution of Indians by Coronado. The term pueblo is
also used for the villages occupied by the Pueblo
- Fact 16 - History: 1680 - Pueblo
Indian Revolt lead by Pope, a Pueblo Indian from the San Juan
Pueblo
- Fact 17 - History: Late 1600's
Navajos, Apaches, lies, and Comanches begin raids against
Pueblo Indians
- Fact 18 - History: 1696 - Second Pueblo Revolt - the Natives were
defeated
- Fact 19 - History: 1786 - Juan Bautista de Anza ( 1736- 1788) makes peace
with the Comanche
- Fact 20 - History: 1863 - Known as the "Long Walk," Navajos and
Apaches are forced to walk more than 300 miles from
north-eastern Arizona and north-western New Mexico to Bosque
Redondo
- Fact 21 - History: 1886 - Apache chief Geronimo and his followers
surrender to General Nelson A. Miles, thus ending Indian
hostilities cease in the Southwest
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