- Fact 2 - They inhabited lands of
Woodland, lakes, rivers and streams and were hunters, fishers
and farmers. Their crops included rice, squash, melons,
pumpkins.
- Fact 3 - Names of Border States:
Kentucky, Maryland, North Carolina, Tennessee and West Virginia
- Fact 4 - Origin of the name of the
state: Named for England's "Virgin Queen," Elizabeth I
- Fact 5 - Features of the area:
Mountain and valley region in the west, including the Blue Ridge
Mountains;coastal
plain, including the eastern shore of the Atlantic coast.
- Fact 6 - The Indians of
Virginia included the
Cherokee, Iroquois, Manahoac, Meherrin,
Monacan, Nottaway, Occaneechi, Saponi and Shawnee tribes.
- Fact 7 - The
Cherokee
tribe of Indians were one of the "Five Civilized Tribes",
because they had assimilated cultural and customs of the white
settlers and colonists. The Cherokee refer to themselves as the
"Principal People". The "Five Civilized Tribes" were the
Cherokee, Chickasaw,
Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole
- Fact 8 - The Iroquois are also
known as the Haudenosaunee or the "People of the Longhouse".
Tribes of Iroquoian-speaking people formed the Iroquois League
referred to as the Five Nations or Iroquois Confederacy was
composed of the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga and Seneca
nations
- Fact 9 - The Manahoac tribe were a Sioux
speaking people who numbered 1000 when contact was first made by
the Europeans. In 1608 John Smith met with a large group of
Manahoac above the falls of the Rappahannock River. Contact with
the Europeans brought diseases to which they had no immunity.
This, and tribal warfare, led to their extinction.
- Fact 10 - The Meherrin tribe are part of the
Iroquoian-language Indians. Their name means “People of
the Muddy Water” or the “Muddy Water People.”
- Fact 11 - The Monacan tribe were
members of the Catawba tribe of the Sioux. They still live
around Bear Mountain in Amherst County and were allied to the
Mannahoac.
- Fact 12 - The Nottaway aka
Cheroenhaka tribe are an Iroquoian-language tribe of Virginia
Indians. They lived in villages of Longhouses which were
protected by pallisades
Their name means “People at the Fork of the Steam.”
- Fact 13 - The Occaneechi Band of
the Saponi Nation were a small tribe associated with the Sioux
who originally lived in North Carolina. They nearly became
extinct due to tribal warfare and diseases such as smallpox that
were brought by the Europeans leading to their joining the
Catawba Confederacy.
Fact 14 - The Saponi were a small tribe associated with the
Sioux who lived in North Carolina. The tribe became extinct due
to tribal warfare and diseases such as smallpox that were
brought by the Europeans
- Fact 15 - The Shawnee were
Algonquian-speaking tribes who were spread over a widespread
geographic area although their earliest known home was in the
state of Ohio. Traditionally the Shawnee lived in bark-covered
houses grouped into large villages near cornfields. Many Shawnee
fought as allies of their French trading partners during the
early years of the French and Indian War (aka Seven Years War).
In fact, the warlike Shawnee participated in almost every war of
the Old West. They were greatly feared as it was their custom to
torture their prisoners.
- Fact 16 - In the 17th Century, Virginia tribes
were divided into three language groups: Algonquian Speakers,
Siouan Speakers and Iroquoian Speakers.
- Fact 16 - 1744 - Territory ceded to
the English by Indians of the Six Nations
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