- Fact 2 - The Nez Perce were a
nomadic
tribe of hunter fishers. Men were in charge of hunting for food
and protecting the camp and the women were in charge of the home
and land
- Fact 3 - Homes and Houses: Until
they started to hunt buffalo (when they used tepees) their
traditional homes were Earthen houses also called hogans, earth lodges and pit houses: Earthen houses were
often permanent homes for Indians who lived in harsh
climates without large forests
- Fact 4 - Earthen houses also called hogans,
earth lodges and pit houses were the homes of tribes such as the Navajo, the Sioux and West
Coast or Plateau Indians. Earth lodges were
semi-subterranean dwellings which were dug from the earth, with
a wooden domed mound built over the top which was covered with
earth or reeds
- Fact 5 - The name of a famous Nez Perce leader was
Chief Joseph 1840–1904
- Fact 6 - Clothes and Clothing -
Clothes were generally made from the skins of animals which were
sewn together from the thread made from the sinews of deer.
- Fact 7 - Clothing for men: Men wore
breechcloths which were made from a long rectangular piece of
animal skin or cloth which was worn between the legs and tucked
over a belt, so that the flaps of the breechcloth covered the
front and behind. The legs were bare.
- Fact 8 - Clothing: Men also wore fringed
buckskin tunics which were often decorated with beads and
buffalo hide cloaks during harsh weather
- Fact 9 -
Clothing: Leggings were worn by both men and women to cover the
bare legs and were sometimes decorated with a fringe
- Fact 10 -
Clothing for women: Women wore long buckskin dresses (the skin
of a male deer) which were decorated with beads
- Fact 11 - Shoes and footwear:
Moccasins were made of soft leather or deerskin and sewn
together with deer sinew. Moccasins were a soft slip on shoe, or
slipper, consist of a sole and sides made of one piece of
leather, stitched together at the top and were a light beige
color.
- Fact 12 - Feather War Bonnets: They wore
beaded, feathered war bonnets. The war bonnet was a symbol of honor and accomplishment
among Plains tribes such as the
Araphaho,
Sioux,
Crow,
Blackfoot,
Cheyenne, and
Plains Cree. War bonnets consisted of a cap or
band decorated with eagle feathers, ermine fur and beadwork.
There were 3 types of feathered war bonnets
- a trailing bonnet with feathers
trailing to the floor (worn by the Sioux)
- a straight-up feather headdress
- a halo war bonnet in which the
feathers fanned out around the face and shoulders (worn by the
Nez Perce)
- Fact 13 - Women's Hair: Hair was
kept long, sometimes braided and on special occasions braids
were decorated with bright strips of cloth and shells
- Fact 14 - Jewelry: Women wore
copper arm bands and bead necklaces
- Fact 15 - Face paint / War Paint: Men wore
bright face paint in times of war. Tribal tattoos were also used
to decorate their faces and bodies
- Fact 16 - Nez Perce weapons: Weapons
included bows and arrows, clubs, spears and knives
- Fact 17 - Enemies of the Nez Perce
tribe included the
Shoshone
- Fact 18 - History of Nez Percé War:
In 1877 a band of the tribe living in Oregon refused to leave
the land ceded to the United States by the fraudulently obtained
treaty of 1863 and relocate to Idaho. This lead to the uprising
under Chief Joseph (Chief Joseph 1840–1904).
- Fact 19 - Food: Men hunted buffalo turkeys,
deer, small game and fish
- Fact 20 - Nez Perce Indians made
dugout canoes by hollowing out tree trunks
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