- Fact 2 - The Southwest Indians were
tribes of hunter farmers and covered parts of the U.S. states of
Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Utah, and Colorado. Some also
adopted the culture and existence of the Great Plains Indians,
others the Southwest cultures
- Fact 3 - Names of Border States:
Arizona Kansas Nebraska New Mexico Oklahoma Utah Wyoming
- Fact 4 - Origin of the name of the
state: From the Spanish for the "colored" and was applied to the
Colorado river.
- Fact 5 - Features of the area:
Eastern dry high plains; hilly to mountainous central plateau;
western Rocky Mountains of high ranges alternating with broad
valleys and deep narrow canyons.
- Fact 6 - The
Apache tribe are famous for their fierce fighting qualities. Their
name comes from a Zuñi word meaning “enemy.” The Eastern Apache
were predominantly hunter gatherers, whilst their Western
counterparts relied more on farming but were driven from their
lands by the
Comanche.
- Fact 7 - Today the
Apache live mainly on reservations covering over 3 million acres
in Arizona and New Mexico. They still retain many tribal customs.
- Fact 8 - Many of the
Arapaho
tribes of Colorado moved to the Great Plains. The
Great Plains
Indians lived in tepees. The name 'Arapaho' is believed to
be a corruption of the Pawnee word for 'traders.' Since 1878 the
Northern Arapaho Nation has lived with the Eastern Shoshone on
the Wind River Reservation.
- Fact 9 - The
Cheyenne
tribe are one of the famous tribes of the Great Plains. The
cholera epidemic reached the Plains Indians in 1849 resulting in
huge loss of life
- Fact 10 - The
Pueblo
lands extended from S Utah and S Colorado into Arizona, New
Mexico, and adjacent territory in Mexico. The Pueblo became
hostile and then revolted against the Spanish. Their resistance
to the Spanish ended in a mass execution of Indians by
Coronado. The term pueblo is also used for the villages occupied
by the Pueblo
- Fact 11 - The
Shoshone
tribe aka Shoshoni lived in many locations including
Colorado. The Shoshoni were a tribe of nomadic hunters.
- Fact 12 - The Ute tribe were
members of the Shoshone people of Utah, Nevada, Colorado and New Mexico. They are believed to be related to the Aztecs. They were
feared as fierce, nomadic warriors.
- Fact 13 - The
Comanche
were hunter-gatherers, with a typical Plains Indian culture.
Their population increased dramatically because of the abundance
of buffalo. The Comanche are believed to be one of the first
tribes to fully incorporate the horse into their culture and to
have introduced the horse to the other Plains peoples. They were
well known as fierce warriors.
- Fact 14 - The Kiowa were a tribe of
Plains Indians. They were fierce, nomadic warriors. The Kiowa
worshipped a stone image, the taimay.
- Fact 15 - The
Navajo tribe
were formerly a nomadic tribe in brush shelters called hogans.
The Navajo settled among the Pueblo and also assimilated with
the Shoshone and the Yuma
- Fact 16 - Colorado - The Plains Indians including
the Sioux, Cheyenne, Arapahoe, Ute, Kiowa, Lakota Sioux and Comanche
nations fought bitter wars over the land during the 1800's led
by chiefs such as Crazy Horse, Red Cloud, and Sitting Bull
Battle of Little
Bighorn.
- Fact 17 - One
of the most famous battles with the Plains Indians was the defeat of General George
Armstrong Custer at the Battle of the Little Bighorn on June 25,
1876. Treaties were made and broken and there were bloody
massacres. The tribes were forced to go to Indian Reservations
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